我国海上溢油应急机械回收能力评估方法现状及改进建议

Analysis of Maritime Oil Spill Mechanical Recovery Capacity Assessment Methods of China and the Improvement Advise

张春昌大连海事大学

        韩龙烟台溢油应急技术中心

Zhang Chunchang  Dalian Maritime University

Han Long  Yantai Oil Spill Response Technical Center

摘要：

通过收油机回收海上溢油的能力是溢油应急能力的一个组成部分，世界上较早采用定量的方法计算溢油应急机械回收能力的国家是美国，作为同样面临巨大溢油风险的中国，也在探索应用定量的方法评估其溢油应急能力。本文首先介绍了我国溢油应急能力评估方法发展的情况，然后通过分析我国政府出台的海上溢油应急机械回收能力评估方法的优缺点，提出了完善我国溢油应急机械回收能力评估方法的基本构思和建议。

Mechanical recovery capacity for oil spill at sea is one integral part of overall oil spill response capability. Few countries have adopted quantitative methodologies to assess the capability, among them, USA is the one which use quantitative methodologies to regulate oil facilities and vessels to develop their contingency plan. As a country which is also facing high risk of oil spill at sea, China has adopted similar quantitative methodology recently on this matter. Firstly, the background of Chinese methodologies development is introduced. Then, the advantages and disadvantages are present by analysis of the methodology. Finally, an improved methodology for China is suggested based on Chinese economic and technical development and current capability situation.